Impact of Multilateral Organizations on Mexico's Economic Integration and International Negotiations

Abstract

Globalization and growing economic interdependence have driven Mexico's participation in multilateral organizations such as the WTO, the ALADI, and the OECD. These institutions promote common standards, the reduction of trade barriers, and institutional strengthening, key elements in the process of economic integration. This analysis examines how Mexico's participation in these organizations has influenced its trade policy and the negotiation of international treaties. Based on a documentary review and regulatory analysis, the main national legislation related to international trade is identified, including the Foreign Trade Law, the Customs Law, as well as treaties such as the USMCA and the Trans-Pacific Partnership Agreement (TPPTA). Trends such as open regionalism, global value chains, and the role of dispute settlement mechanisms are also examined. The research concludes that Mexico's membership in these organizations has strengthened its legal framework, increased its negotiating capacity, and generated opportunities for market diversification. However, it has also entailed challenges such as regulatory harmonization and the adaptation of vulnerable sectors. This study seeks to provide elements for understanding the relevance of multilateral organizations in Mexican foreign policy and to foster a culture of critical analysis regarding the international commitments undertaken.